Recent time，When there is news that there is a shortage of stocks in the second category of vaccines in various places。

 

  Not long ago，A mother in Guangzhou told reporters，Know when taking the child with the vaccine，chickenpox、Rotor virus、Import hepatitis B、Imported Hepatitis A and other vaccines are all available。In addition，Fujian、Henan、So、Jiangsu、Shandong、Jiangxi and other places have appeared news about the shortage of some second -class vaccines in Jiangxi。

 

  So，What is the reason that causes the second type of vaccine to be out of stock，When will the status quo be improved?

 

  Analysis of industry insiders，Two types of vaccines are out of stock, not inadequate production，but the "Decision of the State Council on Modifying & LT; Vaccine Circulation and Prevention Management Regulations & GT;" hereinafter referred to as "Regulations")，Vaccine is under the strictest supervision，Class 2 vaccine circulation、Sales tight，Trading platform、Delivery, etc. The improvement of the "Regulations" will take a certain time。

 

  Status

 

  Multi -place second -class vaccine is out of stock is not inadequate

 

  Recent，Guangdong、Fujian、Henan、So、Jiangsu、Shandong、Jiangxi and other places have reported news that some second -class vaccine shortages have been reported。

 

  July 8，The State Food and Drug Administration issued a notice on the supply of vaccine，Simultaneous representation，my country's vaccine production capacity can meet market demand，Quality and safety is guaranteed。The recent vaccine shortage of vaccine is mainly the problem of work connection，Is temporary。According to the data released by the State Food and Drug Administration on the same day，In 2015, my country's vaccine approval was about 520.259 million bottles (branch)，The value of the first half of this year was 247.7285 million bottles (branch)。Compared with the same period last year，The total amount of the vaccine batch has not changed much。

 

  Analysis of industry insiders，Some vaccine shortages this time，Not inadequate production，but after the vaccine incident，The state has strengthened the supervision of the vaccine，Regulations stipulate，Two types of vaccines are organized by provincial -level disease prevention and control agencies on centralized procurement on provincial public resource trading platforms，The vaccine manufacturer from the county -level disease prevention and control institution to the vaccine enterprise will be supplied to the vaccination unit of the administrative area and strengthened the whole cold chain storage and transportation of the distribution link。Because the corresponding supporting facilities have not been perfected，Temporary vaccine is out of stock。

 

  Subsequent，The National Health and Family Planning Commission said，For the second type of vaccine such as rabies vaccine that has not yet been completed but urgently needs to use，can be according to the actual situation，Order from the county -level doctor's disease control institution directly to the vaccine manufacturer。At the same time，It is necessary to scientifically and reasonably approve the charging standard，Effective mobilization of the enthusiasm of grassroots vaccination，All places should complete the relevant pricing work by the end of 2016。

 

  Detective cause

 

  Provincial public resource stake sports betting appstake sports betting apptrading platform is not fully established

 

  Regulations stipulate，The second type of vaccine is organized by provincial -level disease prevention and control agencies on centralized procurement on provincial public resource trading platforms，The vaccination unit supplied by the county -level disease prevention and control institution to the vaccine enterprise after purchasing the vaccine enterprise。

 

   & ldquo; The previous type of vaccine was not performed on this platform in the past，The platform can only be bidding after the establishment of the platform。& rdquo; The person in charge of a vaccine manufacturer told reporters，No bidding is not performed，It means that the channel is not opened，It is normal for the existence of vaccine。

 

  Current，Sichuan、Ningxia、Chongqing、Shanxi、Shaanxi、6 provinces in Shandong have established provincial public resource trading platforms，Among them, Sichuan、Ningxia provinces have carried out the second type of vaccine bidding through this platform。In addition，Jilin、Shanghai、Zhejiang、Henan、Guangxi、Yunnan and other provinces complete the second type of vaccine bidding through the original vaccine recruitment procedures。The National Health and Family Planning Commission said，All provinces in the country are expected to complete the platform construction by the end of 2016。

 

  Admission is another problem。& ldquo; The vaccine that has been admitted before the "Regulations" is okay，Some newly listed vaccines are prone to problems。& rdquo; Take the EV71 hand, foot and mouth vaccine as an example，"Regulations" before implementation，Only a few provinces are admitted，Hand, foot and mouth disease every April to July is a high incidence period，At present, the two institutions of Kunming and Beijing Kexing have already been in March this year、Lishes EV71 vaccine in May。According to the data published by the Chinese Drug Biological Products Institute，Beijing Kexing has more than 900,000 doses of vaccine to get a approval，But currently only three or four provinces realize shipping。

 

  June 14，National Health and Family Planning Commission、The State Food and Drug Administration issued a revision policy。Regulations cannot use provincial -level public resource trading platforms for procurement，The second type of vaccine is purchased with the existing first type of vaccine procurement model。In addition，For the second type of vaccine that has not yet been completed but urgently needs to be used，can be according to the actual situation，Order from the vaccine production enterprise directly from the illness and control institutions at or above the county level。Industry insiders think，This does not restore the market order of the second -class vaccine。

 

  Because the provincial platform bids，The bidding price cannot be mentioned。& ldquo; Should I refer to the price of other provinces or negotiate with the enterprise by themselves? & rdquo; The person in charge of the aforementioned vaccine manufacturer said，In the past, the price of bidding was the price of vaccine manufacturers to provide disease control，If the same price is still supplied to the district and county disease control institutions，Especially remote areas，For manufacturers，Cost is undoubtedly increasing。& ldquo; The company must have its own ideas。& rdquo; Take Sichuan Province, which has established a public resource trading platform as an example，Before the end of June，It is understood that there are only 6 manufacturers for second -class vaccine distribution。As for the price，Some companies may have adjusted on the basis of the original distribution model。

 

  There are obvious contradictions in the distribution ability and inventory capability

 

  Delivery is an important reason for the shortage of vaccines.

 

  According to the provisions of the Regulations，Vaccine manufacturers should directly distribute the second type of vaccine to the county -level disease prevention and control agency，or entrusted to have a cold chain storage、Enterprise delivery of transportation conditions。Enterprises receiving the second type of vaccine entrusted to distribute the second type of vaccine shall not be commissioned to distribute。

 

  Two type of vaccine circulation chain long、Large space for profit，Li Bin, director of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, once publicly said，Implementation stake online sports bettingstake online sports bettingof new policy，Is & ldquo; Put the opportunity left by the intermediate link，completely cut off & rdquo;。

 

  Vice President of the China Medical Enterprise Management Association Niu Zhenggan once said to the media，One voting system for the implementation of the vaccine in circulating enterprises (direct settlement by medical institutions such as manufacturers and centers of the Center for Disease Control)，Cancel the circulation link，Part of the situation of the current second -class vaccine is disconnected。

 

  According to the New Deal，Disease prevention and control institutions at all levels that have been purchased by the second type of vaccine purchased before April 25, 2016，Before December 31, 2016，It can be supplied by level -by -level supply。The person in charge of the vaccine manufacturer said，Cancel province、City two levels of circulation links，Signing a contract with the district and county's illness and control department directly with the vaccine manufacturer，It will definitely be different from the price of the previous supply。After the establishment of the public resource trading platform，Delivery will be borne by the enterprise，Vaccine terminal prices in the two periods before and after two periods will definitely be different。Considering inventory ability, etc.，Disease control institutions generally do not enter a large number of vaccines at one time。

 

  Another more realistic question is，There are obvious contradictions between the company's distribution capacity and the inventory capacity of many districts and counties.。

 

  Affected by the Shandong vaccine incident，Two -type vaccination rate decreases，The purchase of second -class vaccines in some districts and counties is tentative，& ldquo; We have received dozens of orders now，Some remote areas itself has less population，There is not much demand，But the company needs to send relevant personnel to the district and county to exchange qualifications、Sign the contract and send it for delivery，But the company does not understand the other person's return on the other party，The situation of bad debts is also possible。The operating cost of the enterprise、Operating risks, etc., will inevitably increase sharply。& rdquo;

 

  This person in charge calculated a account for reporters，Delivery the vaccine from Urumqi to Kashgar City，The distance between the two places is about 1800 kilometers，& ldquo; The transport quotation we received is 10 yuan/km，& rdquo; This means，The transportation cost of the vaccine from Urumqi to Kashgar is 18,000 yuan，& ldquo; Not to mention transportation to the subordinate district and county，cost will inevitably increase，and the order of order is still uncertain，After all, the more remote areas，The smaller the demand may be。& rdquo;，It may form & ldquo; malignant cycle & rdquo;: The more remote areas，Little population，Small demand，Delivery costs, the higher the more，Enterprises are unwilling to distribute or few companies can complete delivery，This will cause insufficient supply of second -class vaccines in remote areas to a certain extent。

 

  First -class vaccine vs second -class vaccine

 

  Vaccine is divided into the first type of vaccine and the second type of vaccine。The first type of vaccine refers to the government with free to provide citizens，Citizens shall be vaccinated in accordance with the government's regulations。The second type of vaccine refers to other vaccines that are self -funded by citizens and voluntarily sow。The current commonly used type of vaccine has flu vaccines、Chickenburra vaccine、Type B Fluental Bacteria Vaccine、Oral wheel virus vaccine、pneumonia vaccine、Rabies vaccine, etc.。

 

  The first type of vaccine is relative to the second type of vaccine，Not absolutely unchanged。Due to the national economic tolerance、Supply of vaccine and other reasons，The second type of vaccine is temporarily carried out at its own expense，With the maturity of the conditions，Many second -class vaccines will also be included in the national immunization plan。

 

  Impact

 

  Domestic vaccine companies have been renovated with heavy performance

 

  Vaccine manufacturers also encountered heavy damage。According to the recent semi -annual report stake online sports bettingstake online sports bettingor display of the second quarterly report released by several listed companies，The performance decreased sharply。

 

  July 10，Zhifei Bio released the semi -annual performance trailer for 2016，Company 2016 vaccine products sales are good，In the first quarter, net profit realized net profit of 59.198 million yuan。But the influence of & ldquo; Shandong vaccine incident & rdquo;，my country's vaccine industry policy changes，Vaccine products have dropped sharply，In the short term, it has a great impact on the sales of the company's products，Compared with the same period last year，January-June, the net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies is expected to decline 85%-100%year-on-year。Zhifei Biological profit in the first half of 2015 was 108 million yuan，The profitability of the first half of this year is expected to be 16.218 million yuan。

 

  Another company Watson Bio was not spared。According to Watson Biology, the 2016 Half -Year Performance Trailer released on July 14，Watson Bio lost 67.1249 million yuan in the first half of 2015，The losses in the first half of this year are expected to reach 150 million to 155 million yuan。

 

  Watson Biological Calculation，The company will continue to increase the development of new products、Input of registration and clinical research leads to an increase in management costs，and the amount of financial expenses formed by the interest for the interest of the mid -term bills is large。But analysts point out，Watson Biological in 2013 was acquired for 300 million yuan in Shijie Bio was revoked by the Shandong vaccine case，and delist from the New Third Board，Watson creature lost performance support，Caused it to it。

 

  The person in charge of the aforementioned vaccine manufacturer believes，Affected by the vaccine incident，The public’s second -class vaccination rate decreases，and the shelf life of the vaccine is relatively short，& ldquo; From vaccine incidents to the "Regulations" to be introduced，Many dealers have many vaccines in inventory，Vaccine faces the possibility of scrap or return to the enterprise。The vaccine of the dismissal dealer can only be returned or destroyed，It is bound to cause the performance of vaccine manufacturers to decline，Especially those companies that mainly focus on dealer channels。& rdquo;

 

  Outlook

 

  Vaccine delivery problems will not improve for a short time

 

  After the transition period，Can the delivery problem be relieved? The person in charge of the vaccine manufacturer gave a reply in a short time in a short period of time。

 

  & ldquo; Delivery is always a problem。In the past, companies only needed to be delivered to the provincial level，Shipping、Back payment and other business matters also involve cooperation with provincial or few municipal units，According to the Regulations，Enterprises will cooperate directly with district and county level，This will be a huge workload: currently there are 374 county -level cities in the country，1636 counties，852 municipal jurisdiction，Total 2863 county -level illness and control centers。Facing such a huge grass -roots disease and control，Enterprise delivery vaccine has practical difficulties。& rdquo;

 

  Many county -level disease control units have not directly operated the vaccine business，The higher -level illness and control unit will distribute regularly，or directly get from the superior unit，Then quickly distribute to the vaccination unit，No need for too much inventory。Now fully follow the cold chain distribution requirements，& ldquo; Considering the cost factor，Enterprise's delivery frequency will not be too high，Especially in some remote areas，But the personnel of the illness and control institution are equipped with、Hardware facilities and other conditions are not perfect，Because most of them have not operated two types of vaccines before。& rdquo;

 

  This person in charge pointed out，According to the new "Regulations" such strict cold chain distribution standards，Many districts and counties do not have this condition，To meet the requirements of the Regulations，Need a lot of funds、Personal support，It is difficult to complete in the short term。

 

  Links

 

  What is the impact of missing vaccination on health?

 

  Stake Sports Bettingstake betting appVaccine out of stock，People who are willing to vaccinate look helpless。Taking hand, foot and mouth disease as an example，is an acute infectious disease caused by multiple intestinal viruses，Four seasons can occur，The most in summer and autumn，April-July is the peak of the onset。Preschool children are high -incidence people，and can occur multiple times。Public data according to the China Disease Prevention and Control Center，January to April 2016，The cumulative number of hand -foot and mouth cases in the Mainland of my country exceeds 400,000 cases，increased by 27%compared to the same period in 2015。Current，Lack of specific therapeutic drugs in hand, foot and mouth disease，Inocular EV71 vaccine can effectively prevent and control children's hand, foot and mouth disease caused by EV71 virus，Especially to reduce the occurrence of severe cases and death cases。Clinical research data shows that the protection rate of hand, foot and mouth disease caused by the EV71 virus infection is 97.3%。

 

  Due to the shortage of second -class vaccines in some regions，vaccination vaccine also faces actual difficulties。

 

  Director of the Child Nutrition Health Health Department of a three -in hospital in Beijing, who is unwilling to disclose, said，The first type of vaccine and the second type of vaccine are an administrative classification，Not medical classification，This division is just temporary，With the improvement of national economic strength，There will be more and more types of vaccines。

 

  Liu Zhaqiu, Director of the Department of Prevention and Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University，Newborn will get antibodies from the mother after birth，Generally, starting at about 100 days after newborn birth，After 6 months of birth, it is generally reduced to the lowest，Basically disappeared。Babies will also produce corresponding antibodies in the body after infection with certain diseases，& ldquo; But this method is dangerous。For example，It is impossible for us to infection with chickenpox & rdquo;。Vaccine vaccination (including one type of vaccine、Two types of vaccine) is a newborn obtaining antibody、Comparison of resistance to disease、Effective ways。

 

  Considering economic strength and bearing ability，Division of the first type of vaccine and second -class vaccine in the country，Two types of vaccines can be regarded as a supplement to the first type of vaccine。Reported by relevant experts，Consider from the perspective of preventing diseases，The effectiveness of the second type of vaccine and the first type of vaccine is similar，There is no obvious distinction。