With a large amount of antibacterial drugs，Bacterial resistance rises rapidly globally。In recent years，Multi -drug (MDR)、Wide Drug Responses (XDR)、Pan -resistant bacteria (PDR) constantly appearing，Bring a huge challenge to the global public health field and clinical medicine，Some people even worry about & ldquo; post -antibiotics & rdquo;。

 

  14 departments, including the National Health and Family Planning Commission, recently jointly issued the "Controlling the National Action Plan for Bacterial Resistance (2016-2020)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Action Plan")，The purpose of implementing comprehensive governance strategies at the national level，Reinforcement measures，Promote the development of antibiotic drugs、Production、circulation、Application、Five major links such as environmental protection to strengthen comprehensive supervision，Further increase media publicity education and carry out international exchanges and cooperation，Copy the risks and challenges of bacterial resistance to all human beings。

 

  Some experts proposed，Bacterial resistance is not just a problem in China，It is also a challenge that must be faced with the world; not only a problem of medicine，Also attractive social problems。Starting from this issue，This edition will be published in various types of antibiotics domestic hospitals.，For readers for reference。

 

  China is a big antibiotic production country，It is also a big country My stake betting appfor antibiotics。In the second half of the 20th century，Poverty of life and backward cultural knowledge、In the situation of the spread of multiple infectious diseases，promoted the rapid rise of China's antibiotic industry。antibiotics are a & ldquo; double -edged sword & rdquo;，While killing the germs，It also caused a certain harm to humans，Current，50%of cephalosporin antibiotics show weakness and weakness in front of the germs，Leading the unlimited upgrade of drug use，The consequences are unimaginable。

 

  August 1, 2012，Historically & ldquo; The most restricted anti -order & rdquo; "Administrative Measures for Clinical Application of Antibacterial Drugs" was officially implemented，my country has continuously launched multiple special rectifications in China，The aimed at reducing the abuse of antibiotics and the threat of drug -resistant super bacteria。but，Under the promotion of the market economy and society,，The growth rate of antibiotics is one after another，Still at a high level。

 

  Domestic anti -infective drug sales have sold over 200 billion

 

  According to the China Pharmaceutical Industry Information Center Pharmaceutical Comprehensive Database PDB data display，2015 domestic 22 key cities sample hospital anti -infective drug market has exceeded 20 billion yuan，reached 23.250 billion yuan，The year -on -year growth rate was 4.69%(see Figure 1)。

 

 

  According to statistical data, it shows that 96.38%of the whole body anti -infection category takes 96.38%of the market share。Another，Anti -infection drugs occupied 1.65%，Feeling organ anti -infective medication occupies 1.06%，Gynecological anti -infective medication accounts for 0.91%(see Figure 2)。The latest data in the first quarter of 2016，The market size of the anti -infection category of key cities in China still reached 6 billion yuan，Forecast still shows a low growth trend throughout the year。

 

 

  According to another monitoring data, it shows，2015，The overall market size of China Anti -infection Category has reached 21.9 billion yuan，Where，Antibiotic medication occupies 92.54%of the market share，increased by 8.4%year -on -year; if this amplitude continues to grow，It is predicted that & ldquo; 135 & rdquo;，reached 317.2 billion yuan。

 

  This can be seen，The National Action Plan for Containing Bacterial Drug Resistance is imperative。

 

  Reasonable use of urgency

 

  stake sports betting appAccording to CFDA Southern Medical Economic Research Institute, "China Urban Public Hospital Chemical Pharmaceutical terminal monitoring and analysis system (HDM system)" data display，2015，Domestic key cities sample hospitals of anti -infection category for whole body，Anti -bacteria of the whole body dominate，occupying 75%of the share，Other 5 sub -categories account for 25%(see Figure 3)。

 

 

  but，The market growth rate analysis from 2015 The lowest growth rate of anti -bacterial drugs in the whole body，Only 3.96%，The higher growth rate is the vaccine、Anti -Different bacteria，17.42%and 26.10%respectively; from the data, it can be seen，& ldquo; Restriction & rdquo; I have taken the first step of the Long March。

 

  2015 World Health Organization released a report to point out，Global Antibiotics is generally lacking preparation，Call for countries to take necessary action，Prevent the abuse of antibiotics，to reduce the spread of anti -microbiological drug resistance。

 

  There are more than 200 antibiotic drugs widely used in clinical practice，Only cephalosporin antibiotic drugs have exceeded more than 40 kinds。Subtraction between the two categories of broad -spectrum antibacterial drugs and narrow spectrum antibacterial drugs，Both spectrum antibiotics in clinical practice of unknown or mixed infections should play a better role。It is worth noting is，While playing a strong antibacterial effect，It also caused the pathogenic bacteria to produce resistance with strong medicinal effects; at the same time, it also produced adverse consequences that caused dual infections。

 

  Clear clinical，Narrow -spectrum natural penicillin drugs and narrow -spectrazine -resistant penicillin drugs are mainly represented by penicillin G and oral penicillin V，Among them, gryomycin、苄 青 霉、Prukinancin、Phenazylin、Slimazin。With the use of cephalosporin drugs，narrow -spectrum penicillin drugs occupied by the market share gradually occupied by cephalosporin drugs。For cephalosporin drugs that have grown rapidly in recent years，a、Second -generation cephalosporin belongs to narrow spectrum cephalosporin，3、Four Generations Cefei is a broad -spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic。But for different diseases and germs，Weighing the advantages and disadvantages，& ldquo; Precision guidance & rdquo; cracking down Stake Sports Bettingon specific & ldquo; target & rdquo; is an important part of the national action plan of bacterial resistance。

 

  narrow spectrum cephalosporin river day

 

  In recent years，Bacterial resistance has become an important challenge for all mankind to maintain public health。Observation of sales data from 2009 to 2015 is not difficult to find，The growth curve of the two major categories of cephalosporin antibiotics in broad spectrum and narrow spectrum。

 

  According to the HDM system data,，2015，Domestic key cities sample hospital cephalospalure spectrum antibiotics market is 2.939 billion yuan，occupying 40%of the overall market of cephalosporin antibiotics，decreased by 4.95%year -on -year (see Figure 4)。and the most stringent restricted order in 2012, 10.52%，It can be seen that the narrow spectrum antibiotic market has entered the cold winter。

 

 

  In 2015, in the variety of cephalosporin antibiotics TOP 5 in key cities in China，Cefchia, who ranked first, dropped 1.03%，The 2nd to 5th bits were cephalosporin, respectively.，Cefei Meng Duo dropped 0.95%，Cefeiulous sulfur fell 10.93%，Cefiddine dropped 4.03%，Show the trend under the rivers and rivers。

 

  Wide -spectrum cephalosporin fire dual days

 

  According to the HDM system data,，2015 domestic key cities sample hospital cephalospalure antibiotic antibiotic market is 4.405 billion yuan，60%of the cephalosporin antibiotic market，increased by 8.17%year -on -year (see Figure 5)。

 

 

  It is worth mentioning that it is，Cobe broad -spectrum antibiotics market only fell 27.88%in 2012。Later, under the promotion of rigid demand and market economy，Expressing the situation of recovery。Among them, in 2015, the variety of cephalosporin antibiotics TOP5 in key cities in China，Cechoproneonone in the first place growth rate is 0.3%，The 2nd to 5th bits are cephalosporone, respectively (12.74%，Same below)、Pull oxygen cephalosporin (15.63%)、Cefidini (6.17%)，Cepophylazo (19.17%)，A situation of fluttering the entire line。

 

  New foreign market grabbing

 

  The United States promulgated the "Encourage the Development of Antibiotic Acts" in July 2012，Driven the listing of antibiotic drugs。2014 US FDA approved 4 antibiotic products，Dalvance (Dalvance) of Atvis (Dalvance), respectively、SIVEXTRO in Cubist in the United States、Orbactiv (ORBACTIV) and Merhadin/Cubist's Cepatrain/Hispana (Zerbaxa)。2015，American FDA approved the BEXSERO，Avycaz (Avycaz) and Avycaz of Avycaz My stake betting app(Cresemba)。With the support of the corresponding policy，The future antibiotics research and development process will be further accelerated。

 

  Overall，Both spectrum antibiotics play an inestimable role in clinical practice，Mutual contribution for human resistance infection。Human and Animal Husbandry Relying on antibiotics，As a substance that causes some strains to block antibiotics，Change the target of the drug，or change the permeability of tissue cells，This has generated drug resistance。

 

  The corner fight between the resistance of bacteria and antibacterial drugs is a long process，Emerging infections and infections have become a serious problem that threatens human health。Facing this severe challenge，People must not only actively develop new antibiotics，More importantly, the formulation of antibiotics management law。Precision treatment、Promotion of differentiated therapy，It will gradually accelerate the development of targeted antibiotics，The process of strongly promoting the "Containing the National Action Plan of the Bacterial Resistance"。